List of chemical elements

There are 118 known chemical elements, from hydrogen (atomic number 1) to oganesson (atomic number 118). The lists below give each element’s symbol, atomic number, atomic mass and category, ordered both by atomic number and alphabetically by name.

Elements by atomic number

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Elements by atomic number
1 Hydrogen H 1.008 Reactive nonmetal 1 1
2 Helium He 4.0026 Noble gas 18 1
3 Lithium Li 6.94 Alkali metal 1 2
4 Beryllium Be 9.0122 Alkaline earth metal 2 2
5 Boron B 10.81 Metalloid 13 2
6 Carbon C 12.011 Reactive nonmetal 14 2
7 Nitrogen N 14.007 Reactive nonmetal 15 2
8 Oxygen O 15.999 Reactive nonmetal 16 2
9 Fluorine F 18.998 Halogen 17 2
10 Neon Ne 20.18 Noble gas 18 2
11 Sodium Na 22.99 Alkali metal 1 3
12 Magnesium Mg 24.305 Alkaline earth metal 2 3
13 Aluminum Al 26.982 Post-transition metal 13 3
14 Silicon Si 28.085 Metalloid 14 3
15 Phosphorus P 30.974 Reactive nonmetal 15 3
16 Sulfur S 32.06 Reactive nonmetal 16 3
17 Chlorine Cl 35.45 Halogen 17 3
18 Argon Ar 39.948 Noble gas 18 3
19 Potassium K 39.098 Alkali metal 1 4
20 Calcium Ca 40.078 Alkaline earth metal 2 4
21 Scandium Sc 44.956 Transition metal 3 4
22 Titanium Ti 47.867 Transition metal 4 4
23 Vanadium V 50.942 Transition metal 5 4
24 Chromium Cr 51.996 Transition metal 6 4
25 Manganese Mn 54.938 Transition metal 7 4
26 Iron Fe 55.845 Transition metal 8 4
27 Cobalt Co 58.933 Transition metal 9 4
28 Nickel Ni 58.693 Transition metal 10 4
29 Copper Cu 63.546 Transition metal 11 4
30 Zinc Zn 65.38 Transition metal 12 4
31 Gallium Ga 69.723 Post-transition metal 13 4
32 Germanium Ge 72.63 Metalloid 14 4
33 Arsenic As 74.922 Metalloid 15 4
34 Selenium Se 78.971 Reactive nonmetal 16 4
35 Bromine Br 79.904 Halogen 17 4
36 Krypton Kr 83.798 Noble gas 18 4
37 Rubidium Rb 85.468 Alkali metal 1 5
38 Strontium Sr 87.62 Alkaline earth metal 2 5
39 Yttrium Y 88.906 Transition metal 3 5
40 Zirconium Zr 91.224 Transition metal 4 5
41 Niobium Nb 92.906 Transition metal 5 5
42 Molybdenum Mo 95.95 Transition metal 6 5
43 Technetium Tc 98 Transition metal 7 5
44 Ruthenium Ru 101.07 Transition metal 8 5
45 Rhodium Rh 102.91 Transition metal 9 5
46 Palladium Pd 106.42 Transition metal 10 5
47 Silver Ag 107.87 Transition metal 11 5
48 Cadmium Cd 112.41 Transition metal 12 5
49 Indium In 114.82 Post-transition metal 13 5
50 Tin Sn 118.71 Post-transition metal 14 5
51 Antimony Sb 121.76 Metalloid 15 5
52 Tellurium Te 127.6 Metalloid 16 5
53 Iodine I 126.9 Halogen 17 5
54 Xenon Xe 131.29 Noble gas 18 5
55 Cesium Cs 132.91 Alkali metal 1 6
56 Barium Ba 137.33 Alkaline earth metal 2 6
57 Lanthanum La 138.91 Lanthanide — 6
58 Cerium Ce 140.12 Lanthanide — 6
59 Praseodymium Pr 140.91 Lanthanide — 6
60 Neodymium Nd 144.24 Lanthanide — 6
61 Promethium Pm 145 Lanthanide — 6
62 Samarium Sm 150.36 Lanthanide — 6
63 Europium Eu 151.96 Lanthanide — 6
64 Gadolinium Gd 157.25 Lanthanide — 6
65 Terbium Tb 158.93 Lanthanide — 6
66 Dysprosium Dy 162.5 Lanthanide — 6
67 Holmium Ho 164.93 Lanthanide — 6
68 Erbium Er 167.26 Lanthanide — 6
69 Thulium Tm 168.93 Lanthanide — 6
70 Ytterbium Yb 173.05 Lanthanide — 6
71 Lutetium Lu 174.97 Lanthanide — 6
72 Hafnium Hf 178.49 Transition metal 4 6
73 Tantalum Ta 180.95 Transition metal 5 6
74 Tungsten W 183.84 Transition metal 6 6
75 Rhenium Re 186.21 Transition metal 7 6
76 Osmium Os 190.23 Transition metal 8 6
77 Iridium Ir 192.22 Transition metal 9 6
78 Platinum Pt 195.08 Transition metal 10 6
79 Gold Au 196.97 Transition metal 11 6
80 Mercury Hg 200.59 Transition metal 12 6
81 Thallium Tl 204.38 Post-transition metal 13 6
82 Lead Pb 207.2 Post-transition metal 14 6
83 Bismuth Bi 208.98 Post-transition metal 15 6
84 Polonium Po 209 Post-transition metal 16 6
85 Astatine At 210 Halogen 17 6
86 Radon Rn 222 Noble gas 18 6
87 Francium Fr 223 Alkali metal 1 7
88 Radium Ra 226 Alkaline earth metal 2 7
89 Actinium Ac 227 Actinide — 7
90 Thorium Th 232.04 Actinide — 7
91 Protactinium Pa 231.04 Actinide — 7
92 Uranium U 238.03 Actinide — 7
93 Neptunium Np 237 Actinide — 7
94 Plutonium Pu 244 Actinide — 7
95 Americium Am 243 Actinide — 7
96 Curium Cm 247 Actinide — 7
97 Berkelium Bk 247 Actinide — 7
98 Californium Cf 251 Actinide — 7
99 Einsteinium Es 252 Actinide — 7
100 Fermium Fm 257 Actinide — 7
101 Mendelevium Md 258 Actinide — 7
102 Nobelium No 259 Actinide — 7
103 Lawrencium Lr 266 Actinide — 7
104 Rutherfordium Rf 267 Transition metal 4 7
105 Dubnium Db 268 Transition metal 5 7
106 Seaborgium Sg 269 Transition metal 6 7
107 Bohrium Bh 270 Transition metal 7 7
108 Hassium Hs 277 Transition metal 8 7
109 Meitnerium Mt 278 Unknown properties 9 7
110 Darmstadtium Ds 281 Unknown properties 10 7
111 Roentgenium Rg 282 Unknown properties 11 7
112 Copernicium Cn 285 Unknown properties 12 7
113 Nihonium Nh 286 Unknown properties 13 7
114 Flerovium Fl 289 Unknown properties 14 7
115 Moscovium Mc 290 Unknown properties 15 7
116 Livermorium Lv 293 Unknown properties 16 7
117 Tennessine Ts 294 Unknown properties 17 7
118 Oganesson Og 294 Unknown properties 18 7

How elements are numbered and named

An element’s atomic number is the number of protons in each of its atoms, and it is what makes one element different from another. Its atomic mass is the average mass of its atoms, weighted by how common each natural isotope is; for elements with no stable isotopes, the mass number of a long-lived isotope is given instead.

Each symbol has one or two letters, the first always a capital. Some come from Latin names, such as Na for sodium (natrium), Fe for iron (ferrum) and Au for gold (aurum). The newest elements, nihonium, moscovium, tennessine and oganesson, were named by IUPAC in 2016.

Element categories

On this site, 84 elements are metals, 6 are metalloids and 18 are nonmetals: the reactive nonmetals, halogens and noble gases. The 10 superheavy elements from meitnerium (109) to oganesson (118) are marked as unknown because too few atoms have been made to measure their properties.

Elements in alphabetical order

89ActiniumActinide 13AluminumPost-transition metal 95AmericiumActinide 51AntimonyMetalloid 18ArgonNoble gas 33ArsenicMetalloid 85AstatineHalogen 56BariumAlkaline earth metal 97BerkeliumActinide 4BerylliumAlkaline earth metal 83BismuthPost-transition metal 107BohriumTransition metal 5BoronMetalloid 35BromineHalogen 48CadmiumTransition metal 20CalciumAlkaline earth metal 98CaliforniumActinide 6CarbonReactive nonmetal 58CeriumLanthanide 55CesiumAlkali metal 17ChlorineHalogen 24ChromiumTransition metal 27CobaltTransition metal 112CoperniciumUnknown properties 29CopperTransition metal 96CuriumActinide 110DarmstadtiumUnknown properties 105DubniumTransition metal 66DysprosiumLanthanide 99EinsteiniumActinide 68ErbiumLanthanide 63EuropiumLanthanide 100FermiumActinide 114FleroviumUnknown properties 9FluorineHalogen 87FranciumAlkali metal 64GadoliniumLanthanide 31GalliumPost-transition metal 32GermaniumMetalloid 79GoldTransition metal 72HafniumTransition metal 108HassiumTransition metal 2HeliumNoble gas 67HolmiumLanthanide 1HydrogenReactive nonmetal 49IndiumPost-transition metal 53IodineHalogen 77IridiumTransition metal 26IronTransition metal 36KryptonNoble gas 57LanthanumLanthanide 103LawrenciumActinide 82LeadPost-transition metal 3LithiumAlkali metal 116LivermoriumUnknown properties 71LutetiumLanthanide 12MagnesiumAlkaline earth metal 25ManganeseTransition metal 109MeitneriumUnknown properties 101MendeleviumActinide 80MercuryTransition metal 42MolybdenumTransition metal 115MoscoviumUnknown properties 60NeodymiumLanthanide 10NeonNoble gas 93NeptuniumActinide 28NickelTransition metal 113NihoniumUnknown properties 41NiobiumTransition metal 7NitrogenReactive nonmetal 102NobeliumActinide 118OganessonUnknown properties 76OsmiumTransition metal 8OxygenReactive nonmetal 46PalladiumTransition metal 15PhosphorusReactive nonmetal 78PlatinumTransition metal 94PlutoniumActinide 84PoloniumPost-transition metal 19PotassiumAlkali metal 59PraseodymiumLanthanide 61PromethiumLanthanide 91ProtactiniumActinide 88RadiumAlkaline earth metal 86RadonNoble gas 75RheniumTransition metal 45RhodiumTransition metal 111RoentgeniumUnknown properties 37RubidiumAlkali metal 44RutheniumTransition metal 104RutherfordiumTransition metal 62SamariumLanthanide 21ScandiumTransition metal 106SeaborgiumTransition metal 34SeleniumReactive nonmetal 14SiliconMetalloid 47SilverTransition metal 11SodiumAlkali metal 38StrontiumAlkaline earth metal 16SulfurReactive nonmetal 73TantalumTransition metal 43TechnetiumTransition metal 52TelluriumMetalloid 117TennessineUnknown properties 65TerbiumLanthanide 81ThalliumPost-transition metal 90ThoriumActinide 69ThuliumLanthanide 50TinPost-transition metal 22TitaniumTransition metal 74TungstenTransition metal 92UraniumActinide 23VanadiumTransition metal 54XenonNoble gas 70YtterbiumLanthanide 39YttriumTransition metal 30ZincTransition metal 40ZirconiumTransition metal

All 18 groups

All 7 periods

Other element families

Noble gases Alkali metals Alkaline earth metals Transition metals Post-transition metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Lanthanides Actinides